There is a fundamental flaw in your take on what is transpiring in this game. Martin explains this in his notes.
Quote:
When you ship cotton you flip over the port used and the factory/mill. The respective owners of those tiles gain an income boost from the tile being flipped. Unfortunately they are no longer usable.
On the contrary, they're being used for the rest of the game, which is why you got a boost on your income track - from that point on, every turn, you're collecting money from that cotton mill. It's just like Age of Steam, in this respect.
Quote:
Then all canals and level one industries are removed from the game. Why? I don’t know, apparently the rail era started with everyone sinking their canal boats and refusing to transport unless you by them a shiny new train.
Again, Wallace explains this in the notes. The canals are not "disappearing" - they're removed from the board because their capacity is already saturated with the first generation of goods still being transported. The new mills and mines and plants are putting out much larger quantities, which required the railroad to meet that demand. So, while the canals are removed, they're being removed so they don't clutter the board - they're still generating that income you're still getting every turn, just like in Age of Steam.
Quote:
Nobody owns any resource (just the tile it is on) and coal always comes from the nearest source (yours or anyone else)
Actually, you do own the resources, which is exactly why you collect income when a mine of yours gets emptied, and why you get paid when you refill the off-board coal or iron track from your mines. Yes, other players can use your ore, but you're still getting paid for it, when you flip it over (and continue to get paid for it, the rest of the game).
Quote:
You must build your industries in order (thus the chit stacks) unless you take an action to research which requires you buy two iron from the market. Why do you buy two iron to research? Who knows, it’s a game mechanic.
I would submit that it isn't a stretch to conclude the iron is being used up in prototyping new types of mills, plants, mining equipment, etc.
Quote:
What do you mean my infrastructure disappears halfway through and I have to start over?
Again, it doesn't. You just don't have to mess with it anymore, as it's all being used.
Quote:
When I look at it closer, it really falls apart for me. Rather than a well designed and streamlined game, I see a bunch of patches or fixes added to achieve the balance on a game that would have no balance without them.
I think that in the future, before you assume such things, you might want to do some research. It's possible the designer just happened to know exactly what he was doing, while you didn't. And I have a hunch the level 2 shipyards to which you allude were never permitted in the first age, as their increased capacity required what is shown right there on the shipyard tile, itself - rail. What you are dealing with is the dramatic evolution of efficiency and capacity in mining, manufacturing and transport within a relatively small timeframe, and based on other games that tried to model this kind of thing, I'd have to say Martin Wallace did a pretty damn good job it.