[I originally posted this on my Tao of Gaming blog, although its been dubbed the "Race for the Galaxy" blog recently. -- Brian]

In Race, players build an economic engine early then convert to a Victory Point engine later on. So, the game’s “Opening” means building your economic engine.

A good engine provides you more cards than your opponent. Earning three cards a turn when everyone else is earning three cards is parity, not an advantage. Each of the roles (except produce) provides a one card advantage (or more) if you take the ‘greedy’ privilege (Explore +1/+1, Consume/Trade). Trading provides 2 (or more) but takes a setup turn (either producing or settling a windfall world). Your early goal is to build a phase where you get an extra card or two beyond the privilege (since everyone will get roughly one card a turn from privileges). There are several ways to do this:

1. Get discounts. If you get Public Works (1 card rebate after playing a development), or Investment Credits (-1 cost to developments), or Interstellar Bank (draw one card a turn during development), or Galactic Federation (-2 cost to developments, VPs for each development), each time you play a development you’ll save a card (beyond the privilege). If you get all four of them, then you can play 4 cost developments for free and draw two cards! Similarly, Mining Robots, (-1 cost to Rare worlds) Terraforming Robots (1 card rebate after settling/conquering a world) and the like provide discounts on the Settle phase.

2. Conquer Planets. Military is a ‘discount in a can’ strategy. Other planets cost a few cards, but military planets just require having the strength. A pure military strategy will often switch between settling and exploring (or selling windfalls).

3. Trading. Getting a big trade (say, a Gene world, or even just a trading bonus) means you’ll earn 4 cards every two turns (on the produce/trade cycle). That compares nicely with two rebates (for settling) or discounts (for developing) or extra exploration cards. If you are going for the trade strategy, then ideally you’ll have another production world with a consume power. Then you’ll get your 4 trade cards plus another card, or VP (or both!).

4. Producing. Several worlds (and developments) give you cards for producing. In this case, trading or consumption is a nice way to clear out the worlds so that they can produce again.

Apart from building your engine, pay attention to your opponents. If someone’s tableau indicates that they are stacking Develop discounts, an Interstellar Bank will be a great play. “Leeching” off of other players actions, and getting a “Leech-proof” action leads to success. (Wei-Hwa Huang calls this the “Pioneer strategy vs. Leech Strategy” question. So in the opening, strike new ground and build a solid advantage in one area or leech off your opponents.

Some Principles:

1. Play the role that gives you the best advantage.

2. Don’t get tunnel vision. Your opening hand may point towards the opposite direction your homeworld indicates. Don’t force your plan onto the cards you draw.

3. Getting a turn (or two) behind on building isn’t as painful as it is in San Juan (or Puerto Rico). One good card (or combination of two cards) can easily beat 3 (or 4) random cheap cards.

4. Be flexible. A good opening hand not only answers “What role will I take?” but “What will I do based on what others select?” For example, if you Settle, does your world change if there is a develop phase? Or a Consume phase? If you can handle all the combinations gracefully, you are flexible. If you are praying that the combinations work out perfectly (dropping a windfall and hoping nobody consumes), you lack flexibility. It may still be the right play, but just be aware of the risks you run. If you aren’t exactly sure what role to take, consider calling Explore +1/+1, and then deciding after you see a few more cards.

5. Watch the other players. Your first few games will be overwhelming, but after a few games (when you start being able to recognize the individual cards) try and guess what each person will call, even if you don’t base your strategy on it. It’s good practice.

6. If you are going for a big produce/consume (x2) advantage, you’ll want roughly equal numbers of goods and consumption powers, and you’ll want a lot of them. This may bias you towards cards that provide a lesser discount and a consumption power (for example, Public Works instead of Investment Credits). If you are never going to be a big producer or consumer, you may want to bias in the other direction).

Choosing your opening hand:

You get to keep four cards out of six. Unless you get an amazing draw, you can just focus on the two best cards, and the others will be used for money. For the other two, keep those that may become useful. When you look at your opening choice, imagine your first turn (and likely second turn) role. If you plan on calling Develop or Settle, consider the impact of having an extra card in your hand (if someone explores). You may want to keep one ‘slightly too expensive’ card to play in that case.

You’ll probably want to keep 1 development and 1 production/windfall world, unless your hand has a definite play. If you get absolutely nothing of use, you’ll have to take explore +1/+1 (or +5) and hope. The one exception would be a hand just loaded for one phase. Like Investment Credit, Interstellar Bank, Public Works and Galactic Federation. More realistically, having 2 or 3 of those would indicate a pioneer developer strategy, and just keeping the best leech cards for the remainder.

Keeping a six you intend to use for early play is risky, unless it provides a good source of income/discounts during the game. For the first few turns cards should be played or used as payment, not set aside for later. If you do get a six you can’t use, just chuck it and hope to get it back (if it will help you in the endgame).

The Specific Homeworlds:

#0 – Old Earth (2 VP, Trade +1, Consume up to two goods for 1 VP each)

This is a tough homeworld for new players. In the long term, you’ll want several cheap production worlds (since you can consume two goods) and you start with a VP advantage, but a poor good economic situation. Given your long term situation, you have a slight bias towards settling early on. You’d like to Settle a windfall and then trade it (turn 2), but if Alpha Centauri is in the game, you’ll encounter a consume phase on turn one (when he trades). So having a cheap windfall (in case nobody consumes on turn one) and production world (in case they do) is a nice opening hand.

Update -- (Tom's input, see below for details) — I perhaps overstated the risk of having your windfall consumed. Don't worry too much if your windfall gets consumed for a VP. You can just produce(T2) and trade (T3).

#1 – Epsilon Eridani (1 VP, +1 Military, Consume a good for 1VP + 1 Card) Epsilon Eridani starts with some military prowess, and the best consumption ability of the homeworlds. You don’t mind if someone forces you to consume a cheap windfall. You only get 1 card instead of 2-3 for trading, but saved a tempo (by leeching). An early production world is even better (if a bit slower). If you can get a world that gives a card when it produces, then you can try to break into a big consume/produce role (multiple worlds with production/consumption, and still earn a few cards) or easily leech, as required.

#2 – Alpha Centauri (Rare Windfall, 0 VP, -1 cost/+1 Military for rare worlds) Alpha Centauri often Trades on turn one. This really bothers Old Earth (and mildly annoys Eridani). The discount (or military bonus) for rare worlds is nice. Alpha Centauri starts quickly, and needs to build quickly to match the end game push from worlds with consume powers (not to mention the 1-2 VP handicap). If you don’t have a great play on Turn 1, you always have the trade. (And if you never play a consume power, you can hold off on trading. But you’ll likely need some eventually). That leaves you with 7 cards on Turn 2 (more if anyone explores), enough to build any powerful card.

Because of this possibility, Alpha Centauri can keep a powerful expensive card, planning on dropping it on Turn 2. Galactic Federation, Merchant League, any Alien (non-Military) World, and the like are all reasonable to keep in the opening hand.

#3 – New Sparta (1VP, + 2 Military Rating) New Sparta usually just boosts military and looks for victims. It’s an easy strategy, but requires drawing a good cards. Once the military is high enough, even a small cardflow will often turn up planets ripe for conquest. The big rebel planets earn as many VPs as the OK to Good 6-cost developments, and several military worlds are windfalls, which you can trade. However, getting a single consumption power can often ruin your timing in that regard. If you can a production world and and consumption power early on, it may be worthwhile to play it to leech. New Vinland (a novelty world that consumes for two cards) is particularly nice to put against a produce/consumer.

If you are playing against New Sparta, expect frequent Settle (and Explore) calls, so consider setting up leeching strategies on those. Another fine counter is to drop a Contact Specialist and buy out a few important military worlds to trim the deck out. Several of them provide military bonuses that New Sparta would like, or other abilities (such as the 3-cost Rebel world that draws one card each production).

#4 — Earth’s Lost Colony (Novelty World, 1 VP, Consume a good for 1 VP) Earth’s Lost Colony is the complete package – it produces and consumes. If you can get a second world (even a windfall), you can call produce and consume/trade for 3 cards every two turns (assuming a rare world) and a bonus VP. If that’s the hand you’ve been dealt; definitely consider playing it, depending on which other world(s) oppose you. New Sparta gains nothing from this; Epsilon Eridani will shed crocodile tears.

If you are playing against Earth’s Lost Colony and aiming for a big produce/consume strategy, remember that he’ll leech reasonably well. Not as powerfully as Eridani (once he settles a production world), but right from the start.

[Tom Lehmann left the following comment on my blog after the post. -- Brian].

A response I just noticed (after five more games today) is that I tend to make a cheap production world a priority with most of the starting worlds (less so for Earth's Lost Colony, which is one, and New Sparta, which may want to get an early military bump or windfall, since he vulnerable to trades). Which isn't to say that it's always my first play, but I'll almost never toss my cheapest production world in my opening hand.

A sure way to come last is to take Old Earth and draw nothing but useless developments and military & unproductive worlds in a three-player!

Actually, an interesting change-up is to have twice as many goods as consumption powers. For example, if you have 3 goods and 3 consumption powers, you're making 6 points every two turns, but if you have 4 goods and 2 consumption powers, you're making 8 points every three turns -- it's only a slightly smaller rate, and is actually much harder for other players to leech from, as production leeches are more common than consumption leeches.



Sounds like it's time to play that Explore +5 card.

But exactly what do you mean by "useless developments"? Any specific ones in mind?

I refer you to my previous post. Yes it does happen.



Pretty much all of them, actually, except Drop Ships which my opponents deployed. The cheap ones lose because they have too few VP, and the expensive ones cost too much. The point is that you cannot progress meaningfully if you suffer zero production from game start for many turns, and that also happened. I guess if you are that unlucky you deserve to lose, but I suspect this may be more common than we like to think.

Hmm... the key thing, perhaps more important than Explore +5, when you don't have any "useful" cards is to increase your card flow. So, if you are without a nice windfall or production world as Old Earth, but you are seeing developments such as Interstellar Bank and Public Works, build them; this way you'll be seeing 1-2 new cards every development phase. Once these cards are in place, a Colony Ship, Space Marines, or the Research Labs can, respectively, put you in a good place to exploit a very costly non-military (non-Alien) world, or a two defense military windfall world, or to go exploring +5 and still gain two cards at a time.

Since I'm probably biased from the "quick builder" San Juan strategy, all the cheap buildings look awesome from my point of view. The cheap buildings usually have a good VP to cost ratio and good powers - often you pay 2 or 3 cards to get a 1 or 2 card advantage and 1 VP - and if you put it down on the first turn, that's a lot of usage over the whole game. My personal nemesis is Investment Credits - cost of 1 card, but you basically get the develop advantage without pulling it!

Remember, your starting world is just one card in the tableau - there's plenty of time to do something else if your hand doesn't mesh with the obvious.

I think the game is carefully designed so that whiners get worse draws. It's a secret ingredient in the coating of the cards.

I knew there had to be a reason why I should not have sleeved my cards!
Richard

well yes, I did much of this, perhaps some of it toward the end of the game, and only lost by twelve points, however if you can't get much production it might be an idea to shy away from Consume powers. But its much better to sell genes with a bonus from round four onwards.

Cards like the Alien Rosetta Stone World and Alien Tech Institute are based on hope with an element of delusion, resembling 6-developments built at the start, where you hope to fit them out with cards drawn thereafter. The trouble is it may not be you that draws them. Usually there's someone who can't decide which five cards to discard down to ten.

I pointed out on your blog that the turn-order tiebreak is a tacit acknowledgment of the designer's ranking of the worlds. I've now played every homeworld at least twice (I know, nothing compared to most of y'all hardcore people), but over a dozen games helps to start grounding some opinions. I don't think anything is wildly off, but it's fun to debate the exact ranking. Here's mine (lowest/worst to best):

#2 Alpha Centauri
#0 Old Earth
#3 New Sparta
#1 Epsilon Eridani
#4 Earth's Lost Colony


I agree and am finding it so, but the perqs are easy to plan around, so it's somewhat flexible with awkward draws. Still, you have to get producing early or you're done.


There are 6 military worlds open to you from the start, and that turns into 13 or 16 if you can find one of the 5 cheap military booster devs or one of a few (4?) cheap +1 mil worlds. That opens up a bunch of windfall, and of course the consume power means you can't get hurt too badly. This world seems generally open to following just about any path and making it work.


It's 50/50 to get Rare in your opening draw. If you don't, you can Explore: +5 to get a <60% chance at one (and help everyone else), or you might have a high-cost dev or other world to build with your trade profit. I don't have enough plays yet, but I dread the uncertainty and dependency of this world. I wonder if there was a design dilemma here, as shifting this up to Gene or Alien makes the first turn automatic (uninteresting and maybe overpowered); shifting down to Novelty seems too weak. So it feels balanced but very vulnerable to draw luck. The good news is leverage the windfall to claw back in, but it feels like an uphill battle against more consistent worlds and/or draws. I suspect AC has the highest standard deviation in scores, though Sparta seems the more obvious choice (any playtesters with data on this?).


Even though the %s are similar to AC's Rare draws, I like the odds better here, because so many of the cheap military worlds are windfall, and you don't need cards like the others do. I dislike the highly predictable/exploitable actions, though, and people will hold your best cards if they can (until the reshuffle).


No argument. The only downside is speed, but the nice thing is that you can go in basically any direction you like.

This article gives a nice overview and ““how to” for the basic directions you can form your base strategy around. Well done.

I can already see the need to balance between strategic and tactical play based off your start world and opening hand after only a few games. My beginner view is to establish the most efficient engine you have available as soon as possible. I’d lean towards production worlds if an obvious military hand isn’t available since it’s the most flexible no matter what is later drawn. Start worlds can help nudge you towards one strategy, but you need to also look at how much “digging” for the needed cards to go with that plan is costing you if you are gaining equal or no advantage over the opponent during your role, your opponents will likely get ahead on their roles selected. By all means follow the plan if your opening hand matches the start world, but I wouldn’t think the +5 explorer is ever the right choice for a first turn play.

There are so many possibilities in this game, I can’t wait to get a few dozen more plays and really start crunching the numbers. I view San Juan as “solved”. I do not think that there’s a 100% way to win every game, but my turn is almost 100% automatic based on what I believe maximizes my advantage. After likely 1,500+ solo PC games, I no longer have the desire to explore it any further. I do not think I can ever get any better or see a situation differently than I already experienced a dozen times and optimized. I’ll still play San Juan, but now having Race for the Galaxy and being able to stumble through the first few of seemingly endless possible situations and combinations…let’s just say that Jay is a very happy camper.

Thanks for the link. I have enjoyed your blog.




Since opening the game at Christmas, my table has been playing with the preset starting hands and this starting world has not won the seven games it was in. In pure frustration I decided to just pound the Produce/Consume (Trade) pattern in the most recent game to see if it would even work. It did. I lost by four points (it was a close game: 49, 47, 45) and if I was more familiar with the production track I am sure I could have eeked out another fiver.

What I found interesting, however, was my poor use of developments. While it may seem obvious that a production route would need different developments than a mixed or military strategy, it really did not click until the very end that leeching was the way to go. I kept picking developments that gave me discounts, but what I really needed were boilerplate leeches.

Cards that allow you to draw cards were counter-intuitive for me. I kept thinking that a discount is better, but that was before I had a hand full of cards I did not want to play. Cycling through cards is significantly better than discounts.

Been playing a lot of 2 player recently and finding it really easy to run out the VPs with a homeworld that supports it, with some combination of diversified economy/tourist world/galactic trendsetters/mining league and production worlds. WIth some of those you only need 2 goods to make 3 vps!

You just have to get 2-3 production and 3 vps worth of consume abilities going, and then you can end it in 4 turns with 24 shipping vps.

My current rank of homeworlds for 2 player games is probably:

Earths Lost Colony (best)
Alpha Centauri
Old Earth
New Sparta
Epsilon Eridani (worst)

Which is funny because when I started playing it Epsilon Eridani was my favorite and Earth's lost colony my least favorite. It just seems really easy to set up strong production with Earth's lost colony or Alpha Centauri. Build one more production world, and a tourist world or something and you can end it in 4 turns.

I haven't played much of the 'experienced' two player, but I imagine Earth's Lost Colony would clean up. After all, you can Settle/Trade a windfall (on T1) or Settle/Produce a production world (then Trade/Produce). I would imagine Sparta would move up in 2 player because of blitzing ability. I personally think that Sparta suffers in 4 player, because there will almost certainly be 1 "producer" (who gets cards from production) and several consumers, so that the P/C cycle will happen every other turn, or more...

Conquer a windfall and trade the good to get cards in your hand for your 6 Devs, but for the rest of your military strategy, you don't really need that many cards in your hand. The one you get from explore +5 should be enough to keep you going.

No productive world in 13 cards? With that kind of bad luck, you can lose many games, not just RftG.